- Cause: Injury to the nail matrix (the part where the nail grows) can cause ridges to develop as the nail heals.
- How It Affects Nails: If you’ve recently experienced trauma to a finger, vertical ridges might appear as the nail grows out. This is usually temporary, and the nail returns to normal over time.
5. Systemic Health Conditions
- Cause: In some cases, vertical ridges can be a sign of an underlying health issue, such as:
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: This autoimmune condition can affect nail growth, causing ridges to appear.
- Peripheral Vascular Disease: Poor circulation, especially to the extremities, may cause nail changes.
- Psoriasis: While more commonly associated with pitting of the nails, psoriasis can also cause ridging.
- How It Affects Nails: If these ridges are accompanied by other symptoms like pain, discoloration, or changes in nail thickness, it’s best to consult a healthcare professional for evaluation.
6. Thyroid Disease
- Cause: Both hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can lead to changes in nail texture, including vertical ridges.
- How It Affects Nails: Thyroid conditions affect the body’s metabolic processes, which can, in turn, impact the growth and health of the nails.
7. Protein Deficiency
- Cause: Protein is essential for healthy nails, as nails are made of a protein called keratin. A deficiency can weaken nails and lead to the development of ridges.
- How It Affects Nails: Along with ridges, nails may become brittle and slow-growing. Increasing your intake of protein-rich foods like eggs, fish, legumes, and lean meats can help improve nail strength.
8. Dehydration of the Body
- Cause: General body dehydration can impact your skin, hair, and nails. When your body lacks sufficient hydration, nails can become dry and ridged.
- How It Affects Nails: Staying hydrated by drinking enough water throughout the day is essential for maintaining healthy nails and preventing dehydration-related ridges.
9. Fungal Infections
- Cause: A fungal infection of the nail can sometimes cause vertical ridges or other textural changes in the nail.
- How It Affects Nails: Fungal infections can cause nails to thicken, discolor, and become brittle. If you suspect a fungal infection, consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.
When to See a Doctor
While vertical ridges are often harmless and related to aging or minor nutrient deficiencies, if you notice any of the following, it may be time to consult a healthcare provider:
- Sudden appearance of ridges with no known cause.
- Discoloration of the nail (yellow, brown, or black spots).
- Thickening or thinning of the nails.
- Nail pain, redness, or swelling.
Conclusion
Vertical ridges on your nails are usually a natural part of aging or the result of minor nutrient deficiencies. However, they can sometimes indicate underlying health issues such as thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, or poor nutrition. If you notice additional symptoms or dramatic changes in your nails, it’s best to consult a healthcare professional for a more in-depth evaluation.